Teko ea laboratori e qala ka pokello ea sampole, 'me pokello ea sampole ke eona eo ho leng bonolo ho e hlokomoloha.Ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa pokello ea mehlala ke ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa lisampole, ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse loketseng tsa lisampole, le ho tsamaisa le ho lokisa ka mokhoa o loketseng.

I. Mofuta oa mohlala

Mefuta e tloaelehileng ea mehlala ke e latelang:

Mokhoa oa sampole o ka bolela lintlha tsa tekheniki bakeng sa ho lekola tikoloho ea coronavirus e ncha 'marakeng oa khoebo ea temo (bazaar) ”:

1. Li-swab disampole ho tloha 'metso, matsoho, liaparo le lintho tse ling tsa lingaka: ho hlokahala ho sebelisa tharollo ea kokoana-hloko ea kokoana-hloko ea sampole ea kokoana-hloko le ho kenella ka ho feletseng lisampong tsa k'hothone.Bokaholimo ba fatše) e sebelisoa khafetsa mme e hlatsuoa ka makhetlo a fetang 3.Ka nako e ts'oanang, hoa hlokahala ho etsa sampole e ajoang ka lintlha tse ngata holim'a ntho e entsoeng sampuli.

2. Mehlala ea swab ea lijo: Mehlala ea lijo e ke ke ea bokelloa ka kotloloho.Lijo tse lokelang ho bokelloa li lokela ho aroloa ka hloko le ho bolokoa ka mokotleng o hloekileng oa sampole pele o bokella lisampole tsa swab.Hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa tharollo ea ho boloka kokoana-hloko ka har'a tube ea sampole ea kokoana-hloko, ka mor'a ho kolobisa ka ho feletseng sampling ea k'hothone swab, ho tlotsa khafetsa le ho hlatsoa bokaholimo ba lijo tse lokelang ho bokelloa ho feta makhetlo a 3.Ka nako e ts'oanang, hoa hlokahala ho etsa sampling ea lintlha tse ngata sebakeng sa mohlala.

3. Lits'oants'o tsa likhoerekhoere: Ho ea ka kabo ea tsamaiso ea likhoerekhoere 'marakeng, khetha libaka tse 2-3 tsa likhoerekhoere, tse lebisang tlhokomelo ho pokello ea marang-rang ea liphaephe tse ka hare, ho theosa le tsela ea ho phalla ha metsi, kapa ho hokahanya le marang-rang a liphaephe tsa masepala.Ho bokella sampole ea swab, e qoelise ka har'a likhoerekhoere ka mohlala oa k'hothone swab ho etsa hore e khahlise likhoerekhoere le ho e hlatsoa ka har'a tube ea sampole ho feta makhetlo a 3.Ho bokella lisampole tsa likhoerekhoere, sebelisa libotlolo tsa polasetiki tsa polyethylene ho bokella 30-500 ml ea metsi a likhoerekhoere;bakeng sa pokello ea likhoerekhoere ka bongata bo fetang 500 mL, linkho tsa polasetiki tsa polyethylene kapa lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa ntlafatso ea metsi sebakeng sa marang-rang li ka sebelisoa.Ka nako e ts'oanang, hoa hlokahala ho etsa lisampole tse ajoang ka lintlha tse ngata bakeng sa sebaka sa sampole ea likhoerekhoere.

4. Mehlala ea liphoofolo: Bakeng sa liphoofolo tse phelang, li-swabs tsa lisampole li ka sebelisoa ho bokella li-swabs holim'a 'mele, li-oropharyngeal swabs le li-anal swabs, le mantle kapa lisampole tsa ho ntša metsi le tsona li ka bokelloa le ho tlalehoa ho latela leqephe la rekoto.Bakeng sa lisampole tsa liphoofolo tse entsoeng ka letlalo, joalo-joalo, sebelisa likhoele tsa k'hothone ho bokella bokaholimo ba 'mele ea tsona le lisampole tsa 'mele.Hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa tharollo ea kokoana-hloko ka har'a tube ea sampole ea kokoana-hloko ho kenella ka botlalo ho sampole sa k'hothone, ebe o pheta ts'ebetso ea bokaholimo ba sampole ea lijo e lokelang ho bokelloa.Shabu makhetlo a fetang 3.Ka nako e ts'oanang, hoa hlokahala ho etsa sampling ea lintlha tse ngata sebakeng sa mohlala.

5. Lisebelisoa tse ling: lijana tsa ho tsamaisa le ho tsoalisa liphoofolo tse kang lihoko kapa litanka tsa litlhapi.Ntlha ea pele, ela hloko kapa u utloisise mefuta e itseng ea liphoofolo tse bolokiloeng le tse ruiloeng ka har'a sets'oants'o, 'me u bokelle lisampole tsa swab leboteng le ka hare la sets'oants'o kapa lisampole tsa metsi tsa likahare.

6. Bokella lisampole tsa aerosol libakeng tseo batho ba bokanang ho tsona, libaka tsa khoebo tsa lehae tse se nang moea o motle, liofisi le likamore tsa ho phomola.

II.Lisebelisoa tsa ho etsa mohlala
1. Tube ea pokello ea mali
Haeba u hloka ho etsa tlhahlobo ea nucleic acid le disampole tsa anticoagulant hamorao, ho kgothaletswa hore o sebelise sekepe sa mali se nang le EDTA anticoagulant ho bokella mali;bakeng sa disampole tsa serum, ho kgothaletswa ho sebedisa sejana sa madi se se nang vacuum ntle le anticoagulant.

2. Sampling swab

Ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa li-swabs tsa polypropylene ho e-na le li-swabs tsa alginate tsa calcium kapa li-swabs tse nang le lipalo tsa lepolanka, hobane li ka 'na tsa e-ba le lintho tse thibelang likokoana-hloko tse itseng le ho thibela tlhahlobo ea PCR.Li-swabs tse nang le lihlooho tsa k'hothone li ke ke tsa sebelisoa, hobane likhoele tsa k'hothone li na le adsorption e matla ea protheine 'me ha li hlakoloe habonolo tharollong e latelang ea ho boloka.

Ho "Technical Specifications for 10-in-1 Mixed Collection and Detection of New Coronavirus Nucleic Acids", ho boletsoe ka ho hlaka hore "sampling swab e lokela ho etsoa ka polyester, nylon le lisebelisoa tse ling tseo e seng tsa k'hothone le tseo e seng tsa calcium alginate, 'me molamu o lokela ho etsoa ka thepa e seng ea lehong.Sebaka sa ho robeha se ka bang 3cm ho tloha ka holim'a hlooho ea swab, eo ho leng bonolo ho e robeha. "

CDC ea United States e boetse e boletse hore “Sebelisa feela likhoele tsa maiketsetso tse nang le lithapo tsa polasetiki kapa tsa terata.Se ke oa sebelisa li-swabs tsa calcium alginate kapa li-swabs tse nang le lithupa tsa lehong,kaha li ka ba le lintho tse thibelang likokoana-hloko tse ling le ho thibela tlhahlobo ea PCR.

Hajoale e sebelisoang haholo ke lesela la nylon le lahloang le kopaneng le molamu oa polasetiki.The flocking swab e na le ho monya metsi ho betere le sekhahla sa ho lokolloa.Ho ea ka libaka tse fapaneng tsa sampole, hlooho ea swab e boetse e na le boholo bo fapaneng le likhoele.Botenya.”

3. Mohlala oa tharollo ea ho boloka lipalangoang

Tharollo ea ho boloka kokoana-hloko e sa sebetseng: palo e loketseng ea letsoai la guanidine le likarolo tse fapaneng tsa kokoana-hloko ea lysis li ka senya kokoana-hloko ka ho toba ho lokolla nucleic acid, ho thibela RNase le DNase, le ho netefatsa botšepehi ba nucleic acid, e ka sebelisoang ho lemoha qPCR e latelang.E ke ke ea sebelisoa bakeng sa ho lema kokoana-hloko le ho itšehla thajana.

Lipalangoang le tharollo ea kokoana-hloko: e na le letsoai, li-amino acid, livithamine, tsoekere le protheine e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho phela ha kokoana-hloko, e ka bolokang ts'ebetso ea kokoana-hloko.E ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho ntša nucleic acid le ho lemoha kokoana-hloko nakong e tlang, hape e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho lema le ho arola kokoana-hloko.

4. Tube ea ho boloka mohlala le mokotla oa mohlala

Mohlala oa tube ea polokelo e lokela ho ba tšupu ea polasetiki e sa hloekang e nang le sekoaelo se sa keneng nucleic acid.Mohlala o mong le o mong oa tube o lokela ho koaheloa ka mokotla oa mohlala ho thibela ho lutla le ho silafala ha sampole.

III.Lintho tse sitisang mohlala

Lintho tse sitisang litekong tsa PCR

1. endogenous kena-kenana

Lintho tse teng sampoleng ea 'mele li ka sitisa ho fumanoa ha lintho tse ling.

Mali:heme (> 1mg/ml), hemin (> 0.1ng/μl), triglycerides, IgG, joalo-joalo;

Moroto:Urea (20mM);

setulo:limela polysaccharides, cholate;

Tishu:protheine, collagen;

Lebese: protease, calcium ion;

Lithethefatsi: lithibela-mafu, lithethefatsi tse thibelang likokoana-hloko, lihomone, joalo-joalo.

tse ding.

2. ho kena-kenana le exogenous

E tsoa linthong tse ka sitisang ho fumanoa ha lintho tse ling tsa in vitro.Mehlala ea li-additives le lintho tse ka hokahanngoang le tsona nakong ea ho bokelloa le ho sebetsa ha mehlala:

Lisebelisoa tsa liteko: gel ea karohano ea serum, setshelo sa pokello ea sampole le setopo sa rabara, catheter, mokelikeli oa catheter, phofo ea liatlana, joalo-joalo.

Anticoagulant: heparin (> 0.1 U / mL), EDTA (> 0.5 mM), joalo-joalo;

Li-solvents tsa tlhaho: isopropanol (> 0.1 IU / ml), betaine, dimethyl sulfoxide, formamide, glycerin, PEG, joalo-joalo;

Likokoana-hloko: joala (ethanol> 1%), aldehydes, phenol (phenol> 0.2%), peroxides, acid e matla (HCL), alkalis e matla (NaOH), joalo-joalo;

Sehlatsoa:SDS (>0,005%);

Mobu: Humus

Dyestuff: Indigo

tse ding.

Tlas'a maemo a sebele a sampole a kantle, joalo ka ho bokella lisampole tsa tikoloho, lisampole li ka ba le mefuta e fapaneng ea lintho tse sitisang, mme sebopeho sa lintho tse sitisang sebakeng ka seng se fapane, se hlokang liteko tsa tšitiso ea PCR hore li etsoe ho latela maemo a lehae.

IV.Mehlala ea polokelo le maemo a lipalangoang

Mehlala ea kliniki e sa tsoa bokelloa e lokela ho romeloa laboratoring nakong ea lihora tse 2 ho isa ho tse 4 ka mor'a ho bokelloa ho 2°C ho isa ho 8°C.Boloka ho 4℃ nakong ea lihora tse 24.Mehlala e sebelisetsoang ho arola kokoana-hloko le ho lemoha ha nucleic acid e lokela ho lekoa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang.Mehlala e ka lekoang nakong ea lihora tse 24 e ka bolokoa ho 4°C;mehlala e ke keng ea bonoa nakong ea lihora tse 24 e lokela ho bolokoa ho -70°C kapa ka tlaase ho moo (haeba ho se joalo- Boloka ho 70°C ka sehatsetsing ho -20°C).

Kakaretso:Pokello e tloaelehileng, lipalangoang le polokelo ea lisampole li bohlokoa bakeng sa liteko tse latelang.Liphoso tse fosahetseng tsa liteko tse ngata tsa laboratori li bakoa ke ho bokelloa ho sa lokelang, ho tsamaisa le ho boloka lisampole tse lebisang ho senyeha ha kokoana-hloko ea nucleic acid.Leha ho le joalo, lilaboratori tse ngata li ntse li iphapanyetsa bohlokoa ba lisampole.Ke ts'epa hore sengoloa sena se ka tsosa tlhokomelo ea motho e mong le e mong mabapi le sampole mme sa etsa sampole ea saense le e utloahalang!

Sehlahisoa se amanang:

SARS-CoV-2 Variant Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (I) (Multiplex PCR Fluorescent Probe Method) -Ho Fumana Liphetoho tse Tsoang Brazil, Afrika Boroa le UK.